Merge branch 'ms-user-fnc'

4 files changed, 379 insertions, 325 deletions

diff --git a/debian/monkeysphere.postinst b/debian/monkeysphere.postinst
index 50eaefa..87fbe12 100755
--- a/debian/monkeysphere.postinst
+++ b/debian/monkeysphere.postinst
@@ -5,13 +5,30 @@
 # Author: Jameson Rollins <jrollins@fifthhorseman.net>
 # (c) 2008
 
+VARLIB="/var/lib/monkeysphere"
+
 if ! getent passwd monkeysphere >/dev/null ; then
     echo "adding monkeysphere user..."
-    adduser --quiet --system --no-create-home --home '/var/lib/monkeysphere' \
-    --shell '/bin/sh' --gecos 'monkeysphere authentication user,,,' monkeysphere
+    adduser --quiet --system --no-create-home --group \
+	--home '/var/lib/monkeysphere' \
+	--shell '/bin/sh' \
+	--gecos 'monkeysphere authentication user,,,' \
+	monkeysphere
 fi
 
-# install host gnupg home directories
-install --mode 700 -d /var/lib/monkeysphere/gnupg-host
-# install authentication gnupg home directories
-install --mode 700 --owner monkeysphere -d /var/lib/monkeysphere/gnupg-authentication
+# install host gnupg home directory
+install --owner root --group monkeysphere --mode 750 -d "$VARLIB"/gnupg-host
+# install host gpg.conf
+cat <<EOF > "$VARLIB"/gnupg-host/gpg.conf
+list-options show-uid-validity
+EOF
+
+# install authentication gnupg home directory
+install --owner monkeysphere --group monkeysphere --mode 700 -d "$VARLIB"/gnupg-authentication
+# install authentication gpg.conf
+cat <<EOF > "$VARLIB"/gnupg-authentication/gpg.conf
+list-options show-uid-validity
+primary-keyring ${VARLIB}/gnupg-authentication/pubring.gpg
+keyring ${VARLIB}/gnupg-host/pubring.gpg
+EOF
+chown monkeysphere:monkeysphere "$VARLIB"/gnupg-authentication/gpg.conf
diff --git a/src/common b/src/common
index 42de18d..01e52b8 100644
--- a/src/common
+++ b/src/common
@@ -42,12 +42,12 @@ loge() {
 
 # cut out all comments(#) and blank lines from standard input
 meat() {
-    grep -v -e "^[[:space:]]*#" -e '^$'
+    grep -v -e "^[[:space:]]*#" -e '^$' "$1"
 }
 
 # cut a specified line from standard input
 cutline() {
-    head --line="$1" | tail -1
+    head --line="$1" "$2" | tail -1
 }
 
 # check that characters are in a string (in an AND fashion).
@@ -83,8 +83,13 @@ remove_line() {
     file="$1"
     string="$2"
 
+    # if the line is there are removed, return 0
     if [ "$file" -a "$string" ] ; then
 	grep -v "$string" "$file" | sponge "$file"
+	return 0
+    # otherwise return 1
+    else
+	return 1
     fi
 }
 
@@ -118,17 +123,6 @@ gpg2ssh() {
     gpg --export "$keyID" | openpgp2ssh "$keyID" 2> /dev/null
 }
 
-# output the ssh key for a given secret key ID
-gpgsecret2ssh() {
-    local keyID
-
-    #keyID="$1" #TMP
-    # only use last 16 characters until openpgp2ssh can take all 40 #TMP
-    keyID=$(echo "$1" | cut -c 25-) #TMP
-
-    gpg --export-secret-key "$keyID" | openpgp2ssh "$keyID" 2> /dev/null
-}
-
 # output known_hosts line from ssh key
 ssh2known_hosts() {
     local host
@@ -194,6 +188,11 @@ gpg2authorized_keys() {
 # (not just first N (5 in this case))
 gpg_fetch_userid() {
     local userID
+    local returnCode
+
+    if [ "$CHECK_KEYSERVER" != 'true' ] ; then
+	return 0
+    fi
 
     userID="$1"
 
@@ -202,18 +201,16 @@ gpg_fetch_userid() {
 	gpg --quiet --batch --with-colons \
 	--command-fd 0 --keyserver "$KEYSERVER" \
 	--search ="$userID" > /dev/null 2>&1
+    returnCode="$?"
     loge "done."
-}
 
-# get the full fingerprint of a key ID
-get_key_fingerprint() {
-    local keyID
-
-    keyID="$1"
+    # if the user is the monkeysphere user, then update the
+    # monkeysphere user's trustdb
+    if [ $(id -un) = "$MONKEYSPHERE_USER" ] ; then
+	gpg_authentication "--check-trustdb" > /dev/null 2>&1
+    fi
 
-    gpg --list-key --with-colons --fixed-list-mode \
-	--with-fingerprint --with-fingerprint "$keyID" | \
-	grep '^fpr:' | grep "$keyID" | cut -d: -f10
+    return "$returnCode"
 }
 
 ########################################################################
@@ -259,17 +256,14 @@ process_user_id() {
     fi
     requiredPubCapability=$(echo "$requiredCapability" | tr "[:lower:]" "[:upper:]")
 
-    # if CHECK_KEYSERVER variable set to true, check the keyserver
-    # for the user ID
-    if [ "$CHECK_KEYSERVER" = "true" ] ; then
-	gpg_fetch_userid "$userID"
-    fi
-
     # output gpg info for (exact) userid and store
     gpgOut=$(gpg --list-key --fixed-list-mode --with-colon \
 	--with-fingerprint --with-fingerprint \
 	="$userID" 2>/dev/null)
 
+    # fetch the user ID if necessary/requested
+    gpg_fetch_userid "$userID"
+
     # if the gpg query return code is not 0, return 1
     if [ "$?" -ne 0 ] ; then
         log "  - key not found."
@@ -388,11 +382,9 @@ process_host_known_hosts() {
     local userID
     local ok
     local keyid
+    local idOK
+    local idRemoved
     local tmpfile
-    local returnCode
-
-    # default return code is 1, which assumes no key was found
-    returnCode=1
 
     host="$1"
 
@@ -405,8 +397,10 @@ process_host_known_hosts() {
 	keyid=$(echo "$line" | cut -d: -f2)
 
 	sshKey=$(gpg2ssh "$keyid")
-	# remove the old host key line
-	remove_line "$KNOWN_HOSTS" "$sshKey"
+
+	# remove the old host key line, and note if removed
+	remove_line "$KNOWN_HOSTS" "$sshKey" && idRemoved=true
+
 	# if key OK, add new host line
 	if [ "$ok" -eq '0' ] ; then
 	    # hash if specified
@@ -421,25 +415,39 @@ process_host_known_hosts() {
 	    else
 		ssh2known_hosts "$host" "$sshKey" >> "$KNOWN_HOSTS"
 	    fi
-	    # set return code to be 0, since a key was found
-	    returnCode=0
+
+	    # note that at least one ok id was found
+	    idOK=true
 	fi
-	return "$returnCode"
     done
 
-    return "$returnCode"
+    # if at least one ok id was found, return 0
+    if [ "$idOK" ] ; then
+	return 0
+
+    # if ids were only removed, return 2
+    elif [ "$idRemoved" ] ; then
+	return 2
+
+    # else return 1, to indicate nothing happened
+    else
+	return 1
+    fi
 }
 
 # update the known_hosts file for a set of hosts listed on command
 # line
 update_known_hosts() {
+    local nHosts
     local host
-    local returnCode
+    local nHostsOK
+    local nHostsBAD
 
-    # default return code is 0, which assumes a key was found for
-    # every host.  code will be set to 1 if a key is not found for at
-    # least one host
-    returnCode=0
+    # the number of hosts specified on command line
+    nHosts="$#"
+
+    nHostsOK=0
+    nHostsBAD=0
 
     # set the trap to remove any lockfiles on exit
     trap "lockfile-remove $KNOWN_HOSTS" EXIT
@@ -448,9 +456,18 @@ update_known_hosts() {
     lockfile-create "$KNOWN_HOSTS"
 
     for host ; do
-	# process the host, change return code if host key not found
-	process_host_known_hosts "$host" || returnCode=1
-	
+	# process the host
+	process_host_known_hosts "$host"
+	# note the result
+	case "$?" in
+	    0)
+		nHostsOK=$((nHostsOK+1))
+		;;
+	    2)
+		nHostsBAD=$((nHostsBAD+1))
+		;;
+	esac
+
 	# touch the lockfile, for good measure.
 	lockfile-touch --oneshot "$KNOWN_HOSTS"
     done
@@ -458,29 +475,37 @@ update_known_hosts() {
     # remove the lockfile
     lockfile-remove "$KNOWN_HOSTS"
 
-    return "$returnCode"
+    # note if the known_hosts file was updated
+    if [ "$nHostsOK" -gt 0 -o "$nHostsBAD" -gt 0 ] ; then
+	log "known_hosts file updated."
+    fi
+
+    # if all hosts were OK, return 0
+    if [ "$nHostsOK" -eq "$nHosts" ] ; then
+	return 0
+
+    # if all hosts were BAD, return 2
+    elif [ "$nHostsBAD" -eq "$nHosts" ] ; then
+	return 2
+
+    # else return 1
+    else
+	return 1
+    fi
 }
 
-# process known_hosts file, going through line-by-line, extract each
-# host, and process with the host processing function
+# process hosts from a known_hosts file
 process_known_hosts() {
-    local returnCode
+    local hosts
 
     log "processing known_hosts file..."
 
-    # default return code is 0, which assumes a key was found for
-    # every host.  code will be set to 1 if a key is not found for at
-    # least one host
-    returnCode=0
-
-    # take all the hosts from the known_hosts file (first field), grep
-    # out all the hashed hosts (lines starting with '|')...
-    for line in $(cat "$KNOWN_HOSTS" | meat | cut -d ' ' -f 1 | grep -v '^|.*$') ; do
-	# break up hosts into separate words
-	update_known_hosts $(echo "$line" | tr , ' ') || returnCode=1
-    done
+    hosts=$(meat "$KNOWN_HOSTS" | cut -d ' ' -f 1 | grep -v '^|.*$' | tr , ' ' | tr '\n' ' ')
 
-    return "$returnCode"
+    # take all the hosts from the known_hosts file (first
+    # field), grep out all the hashed hosts (lines starting
+    # with '|')...
+    update_known_hosts $hosts
 }
 
 # process uids for the authorized_keys file
@@ -488,10 +513,8 @@ process_uid_authorized_keys() {
     local userID
     local ok
     local keyid
-    local returnCode
-
-    # default return code is 1, which assumes no key was found
-    returnCode=1
+    local idOK
+    local idRemoved
 
     userID="$1"
 
@@ -502,30 +525,46 @@ process_uid_authorized_keys() {
 	keyid=$(echo "$line" | cut -d: -f2)
 
 	sshKey=$(gpg2ssh "$keyid")
+
 	# remove the old host key line
-	remove_line "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS" "$sshKey"
+	remove_line "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS" "$sshKey" && idRemoved=true
+
 	# if key OK, add new host line
 	if [ "$ok" -eq '0' ] ; then
 	    ssh2authorized_keys "$userID" "$sshKey" >> "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS"
 
-	    # set return code to be 0, since a key was found
-	    returnCode=0
+	    # note that at least one ok id was found
+	    idOK=true
 	fi
     done
 
-    return "$returnCode"
+    # if at least one ok id was found, return 0
+    if [ "$idOK" ] ; then
+	return 0
+
+    # if ids were only removed, return 2
+    elif [ "$idRemoved" ] ; then
+	return 2
+
+    # else return 1, to indicate nothing happened
+    else
+	return 1
+    fi
 }
 
 # update the authorized_keys files from a list of user IDs on command
 # line
 update_authorized_keys() {
     local userID
-    local returnCode
+    local nIDs
+    local nIDsOK
+    local nIDsBAD
 
-    # default return code is 0, which assumes a key was found for
-    # every user ID.  code will be set to 1 if a key is not found for
-    # at least one user ID
-    returnCode=0
+    # the number of ids specified on command line
+    nIDs="$#"
+
+    nIDsOK=0
+    nIDsBAD=0
 
     # set the trap to remove any lockfiles on exit
     trap "lockfile-remove $AUTHORIZED_KEYS" EXIT
@@ -536,7 +575,17 @@ update_authorized_keys() {
     for userID ; do
 	# process the user ID, change return code if key not found for
 	# user ID
-	process_uid_authorized_keys "$userID" || returnCode=1
+	process_uid_authorized_keys "$userID"
+
+	# note the result
+	case "$?" in
+	    0)
+		nIDsOK=$((nIDsOK+1))
+		;;
+	    2)
+		nIDsBAD=$((nIDsBAD+1))
+		;;
+	esac
 
 	# touch the lockfile, for good measure.
 	lockfile-touch --oneshot "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS"
@@ -545,31 +594,40 @@ update_authorized_keys() {
     # remove the lockfile
     lockfile-remove "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS"
 
-    return "$returnCode"
+    # note if the authorized_keys file was updated
+    if [ "$nIDsOK" -gt 0 -o "$nIDsBAD" -gt 0 ] ; then
+	log "authorized_keys file updated."
+    fi
+
+    # if all ids were OK, return 0
+    if [ "$nIDsOK" -eq "$nIDs" ] ; then
+	return 0
+
+    # if all ids were BAD, return 2
+    elif [ "$nIDsBAD" -eq "$nIDs" ] ; then
+	return 2
+
+    # else return 1
+    else
+	return 1
+    fi
 }
 
 # process an authorized_user_ids file for authorized_keys
 process_authorized_user_ids() {
-    local userid
-    local returnCode
-
-    log "processing authorized_user_ids file..."
-
-    # default return code is 0, and is set to 1 if a key for a user ID
-    # is not found
-    returnCode=0
+    local line
+    local userIDs
 
     authorizedUserIDs="$1"
 
-    # set the IFS to be newline for parsing the authorized_user_ids
-    # file.  can't find it in BASH(1) (found it on the net), but it
-    # works.
-    IFS=$'\n'
-    for userid in $(cat "$authorizedUserIDs" | meat) ; do
-	update_authorized_keys "$userid" || returnCode=1
+    log "processing authorized_user_ids file..."
+
+    # extract user IDs from authorized_user_ids file
+    for line in $(seq 1 $(meat "$authorizedUserIDs" | wc -l)) ; do
+	userIDs[$((line-1))]=$(cutline "$line" "$authorizedUserIDs")
     done
 
-    return "$returnCode"
+    update_authorized_keys "${userIDs[@]}"
 }
 
 # EXPERIMENTAL (unused) process userids found in authorized_keys file
@@ -590,7 +648,7 @@ process_authorized_keys() {
     # take all the monkeysphere userids from the authorized_keys file
     # comment field (third field) that starts with "MonkeySphere uid:"
     # FIXME: needs to handle authorized_keys options (field 0)
-    cat "$authorizedKeys" | meat | \
+    meat "$authorizedKeys" | \
     while read -r options keytype key comment ; do
 	# if the comment field is empty, assume the third field was
 	# the comment
diff --git a/src/monkeysphere b/src/monkeysphere
index 15a2a7a..ab42665 100755
--- a/src/monkeysphere
+++ b/src/monkeysphere
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ PGRM=$(basename $0)
 
 SHAREDIR=${SHAREDIR:-"/usr/share/monkeysphere"}
 export SHAREDIR
-. "${SHAREDIR}/common"
+. "${SHAREDIR}/common" || exit 1
 
 GLOBAL_CONFIG=${GLOBAL_CONFIG:-"${ETC}/monkeysphere.conf"}
 [ -r "$GLOBAL_CONFIG" ] && . "$GLOBAL_CONFIG"
@@ -160,7 +160,8 @@ case $COMMAND in
         # if hosts are specified on the command line, process just
         # those hosts
 	if [ "$1" ] ; then
-	    update_known_hosts "$@" || ERR=1
+	    update_known_hosts "$@"
+	    ERR="$?"
 
         # otherwise, if no hosts are specified, process every host
         # in the user's known_hosts file
@@ -168,10 +169,10 @@ case $COMMAND in
 	    if [ ! -s "$KNOWN_HOSTS" ] ; then
 		failure "known_hosts file '$KNOWN_HOSTS' is empty."
 	    fi
-	    process_known_hosts || ERR=1
-	fi
 
-	log "known_hosts file updated."
+	    process_known_hosts
+	    ERR="$?"
+	fi
 	;;
 
     'update-authorized_keys'|'update-authorized-keys'|'a')
@@ -183,8 +184,8 @@ case $COMMAND in
 	fi
 
 	# process authorized_user_ids file
-	process_authorized_user_ids "$AUTHORIZED_USER_IDS" || ERR=1
-	log "authorized_keys file updated."
+	process_authorized_user_ids "$AUTHORIZED_USER_IDS"
+	ERR="$?"
 	;;
 
     'gen-subkey'|'g')
diff --git a/src/monkeysphere-server b/src/monkeysphere-server
index 4c403f2..1e05799 100755
--- a/src/monkeysphere-server
+++ b/src/monkeysphere-server
@@ -10,11 +10,10 @@
 
 ########################################################################
 PGRM=$(basename $0)
-PGRM_PATH=$(dirname $0)
 
 SHARE=${SHARE:-"/usr/share/monkeysphere"}
 export SHARE
-. "${SHARE}/common"
+. "${SHARE}/common" || exit 1
 
 VARLIB="/var/lib/monkeysphere"
 export VARLIB
@@ -42,12 +41,156 @@ subcommands:
   gen-key (g) [HOSTNAME]                generate gpg key for the server
   show-fingerprint (f)                  show server's host key fingerprint
   publish-key (p)                       publish server's host key to keyserver
-  trust-key (t) KEYID [LEVEL]           set owner trust for keyid
+  trust-key (t) KEYID                   import and tsign a certification key
   help (h,?)                            this help
 
 EOF
 }
 
+su_monkeysphere_user() {
+    su --preserve-environment "$MONKEYSPHERE_USER" -- -c "$@"
+}
+
+# function to interact with the host gnupg keyring
+gpg_host() {
+    local returnCode
+
+    GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_HOST"
+    export GNUPGHOME
+
+    # NOTE: we supress this warning because we need the monkeysphere
+    # user to be able to read the host pubring.  we realize this might
+    # be problematic, but it's the simplest solution, without too much
+    # loss of security.
+    gpg --no-permission-warning "$@"
+    returnCode="$?"
+
+    # always reset the permissions on the host pubring so that the
+    # monkeysphere user can read the trust signatures
+    chgrp "$MONKEYSPHERE_USER" "${GNUPGHOME_HOST}/pubring.gpg"
+    chmod g+r "${GNUPGHOME_HOST}/pubring.gpg"
+    
+    return "$returnCode"
+}
+
+# function to interact with the authentication gnupg keyring
+gpg_authentication() {
+    GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_AUTHENTICATION"
+    export GNUPGHOME
+
+    su_monkeysphere_user "gpg $@"
+}
+
+# update authorized_keys for users
+update_users() {
+    if [ "$1" ] ; then
+	# get users from command line
+	unames="$@"
+    else
+	# or just look at all users if none specified
+	unames=$(getent passwd | cut -d: -f1)
+    fi
+
+    # set mode
+    MODE="authorized_keys"
+
+    # set gnupg home
+    GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_AUTHENTICATION"
+
+    # check to see if the gpg trust database has been initialized
+    if [ ! -s "${GNUPGHOME}/trustdb.gpg" ] ; then
+	failure "GNUPG trust database uninitialized.  Please see MONKEYSPHERE-SERVER(8)."
+    fi
+
+    # make sure the authorized_keys directory exists
+    mkdir -p "${VARLIB}/authorized_keys"
+
+    # loop over users
+    for uname in $unames ; do
+	# check all specified users exist
+	if ! getent passwd "$uname" >/dev/null ; then
+	    error "----- unknown user '$uname' -----"
+	    continue
+	fi
+
+	# set authorized_user_ids and raw authorized_keys variables,
+	# translating ssh-style path variables
+	authorizedUserIDs=$(translate_ssh_variables "$uname" "$AUTHORIZED_USER_IDS")
+	rawAuthorizedKeys=$(translate_ssh_variables "$uname" "$RAW_AUTHORIZED_KEYS")
+
+	# if neither is found, skip user
+	if [ ! -s "$authorizedUserIDs" ] ; then
+	    if [ "$rawAuthorizedKeys" = '-' -o ! -s "$rawAuthorizedKeys" ] ; then
+		continue
+	    fi
+	fi
+
+	log "----- user: $uname -----"
+
+        # make temporary directory
+        TMPDIR=$(mktemp -d)
+
+	# trap to delete temporary directory on exit
+	trap "rm -rf $TMPDIR" EXIT
+
+        # create temporary authorized_user_ids file
+        TMP_AUTHORIZED_USER_IDS="${TMPDIR}/authorized_user_ids"
+        touch "$TMP_AUTHORIZED_USER_IDS"
+
+        # create temporary authorized_keys file
+        AUTHORIZED_KEYS="${TMPDIR}/authorized_keys"
+        touch "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS"
+
+        # set restrictive permissions on the temporary files
+	# FIXME: is there a better way to do this?
+        chmod 0700 "$TMPDIR"
+        chmod 0600 "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS"
+        chmod 0600 "$TMP_AUTHORIZED_USER_IDS"
+        chown -R "$MONKEYSPHERE_USER" "$TMPDIR"
+
+	# if the authorized_user_ids file exists...
+	if [ -s "$authorizedUserIDs" ] ; then
+            # copy user authorized_user_ids file to temporary
+            # location
+	    cat "$authorizedUserIDs" > "$TMP_AUTHORIZED_USER_IDS"
+
+	    # export needed variables
+	    export AUTHORIZED_KEYS
+	    export TMP_AUTHORIZED_USER_IDS
+
+	    # process authorized_user_ids file, as monkeysphere
+	    # user
+	    su_monkeysphere_user \
+		". ${SHARE}/common; process_authorized_user_ids $TMP_AUTHORIZED_USER_IDS"
+	    ERR="$?"
+	fi
+
+	# add user-controlled authorized_keys file path if specified
+	if [ "$rawAuthorizedKeys" != '-' -a -s "$rawAuthorizedKeys" ] ; then
+	    log -n "adding raw authorized_keys file... "
+	    cat "$rawAuthorizedKeys" >> "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS"
+	    loge "done."
+	fi
+
+	# openssh appears to check the contents of the
+        # authorized_keys file as the user in question, so the
+        # file must be readable by that user at least.
+	# FIXME: is there a better way to do this?
+	chown root "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS"
+	chgrp $(getent passwd "$uname" | cut -f4 -d:) "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS"
+	chmod g+r "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS"
+
+	# if the resulting authorized_keys file is not empty, move
+	# it into place
+	mv -f "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS" "${VARLIB}/authorized_keys/${uname}"
+
+	log "authorized_keys file updated."
+
+	# destroy temporary directory
+	rm -rf "$TMPDIR"
+    done
+}
+
 # generate server gpg key
 gen_key() {
     local hostName
@@ -60,8 +203,7 @@ gen_key() {
     SERVICE=${SERVICE:-"ssh"}
     userID="${SERVICE}://${hostName}"
 
-    GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_HOST"
-    if gpg --list-key ="$userID" > /dev/null 2>&1 ; then
+    if gpg_host --list-key ="$userID" > /dev/null 2>&1 ; then
 	failure "Key for '$userID' already exists"
     fi
 
@@ -90,7 +232,7 @@ Expire-Date: $KEY_EXPIRE
 EOF
 )
 
-    # add the revoker field if requested
+    # add the revoker field if specified
     # FIXME: the "1:" below assumes that $REVOKER's key is an RSA key.  why?
     # FIXME: why is this marked "sensitive"?  how will this signature ever
     # be transmitted to the expected revoker?
@@ -102,7 +244,7 @@ EOF
 )
     fi
 
-    echo "The following key parameters will be used:"
+    echo "The following key parameters will be used for the host private key:"
     echo "$keyParameters"
 
     read -p "Generate key? [Y|n]: " OK; OK=${OK:=Y}
@@ -119,45 +261,27 @@ EOF
 )
 
     log "generating server key..."
-    GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_HOST"
-    echo "$keyParameters" | gpg --batch --gen-key
+    echo "$keyParameters" | gpg_host --batch --gen-key
 
     # output the server fingerprint
     fingerprint_server_key "=${userID}"
 
     # find the key fingerprint of the server primary key
-    GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_HOST"
-    fingerprint=$(gpg --list-key --with-colons --with-fingerprint "=${userID}" | \
+    fingerprint=$(gpg_host --list-key --with-colons --with-fingerprint "=${userID}" | \
 	grep '^fpr:' | head -1 | cut -d: -f10)
 
-    # export the host key to the authentication keyring
-    GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_HOST" gpg --export "$fingerprint" | \
-	su --preserve-environment "$MONKEYSPHERE_USER" -c -- \
-	"GNUPGHOME=$GNUPGHOME_AUTHENTICATION gpg --import"
-
-    # set host key owner trust to ultimate in authentication keyring
-    echo "${fingerprint}:6:" | \
-        su --preserve-environment "$MONKEYSPHERE_USER" -c -- \
-        "GNUPGHOME=$GNUPGHOME_AUTHENTICATION gpg --import-ownertrust"
-
-    # write the key to the file
+    # translate the private key to ssh format, and export to a file
+    # for sshs usage.
     # NOTE: assumes that the primary key is the proper key to use
-    GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_HOST"
-    (umask 077 && gpgsecret2ssh "$fingerprint" > "${VARLIB}/ssh_host_rsa_key")
+    (umask 077 && \
+	gpg_host --export-secret-key "$fingerprint" | \
+	openpgp2ssh "$fingerprint" > "${VARLIB}/ssh_host_rsa_key")
     log "Private SSH host key output to file: ${VARLIB}/ssh_host_rsa_key"
 }
 
 # gpg output key fingerprint
 fingerprint_server_key() {
-    local ID
-
-    if [ "$1" ] ; then
-	ID="$1"
-    else
-	ID="=ssh://$(hostname --fqdn)"
-    fi
-
-    gpg --fingerprint --list-secret-keys "$ID"
+    gpg_host --fingerprint --list-secret-keys
 }
 
 # publish server key to keyserver
@@ -171,12 +295,10 @@ publish_server_key() {
     # FIXME: need to figure out better way to identify host key
     # dummy command so as not to publish fakes keys during testing
     # eventually:
-    #gpg --keyserver "$KEYSERVER" --send-keys $(hostname -f)
-    failure "NOT PUBLISHED (to avoid permanent publication errors during monkeysphere development).
-To publish manually, do: gpg --keyserver $KEYSERVER --send-keys $(hostname -f)"
+    #gpg_authentication "--keyring $GNUPGHOME_HOST/pubring.gpg --keyserver $KEYSERVER --send-keys $(hostname -f)"
+    failure "NOT PUBLISHED (to avoid permanent publication errors during monkeysphere development)."
 }
 
-
 # retrieve key from web of trust, and set owner trust to "full"
 # if key is found.
 trust_key() {
@@ -184,7 +306,10 @@ trust_key() {
     local trustLevel
 
     keyID="$1"
-    trustLevel="$2"
+
+    # default values for trust depth and domain
+    DEPTH=${DEPTH:-1}
+    DOMAIN=${DOMAIN:-}
 
     if [ -z "$keyID" ] ; then
 	failure "You must specify key to trust."
@@ -192,79 +317,44 @@ trust_key() {
 
     export keyID
 
+    # export host ownertrust to authentication keyring
+    gpg_host --export-ownertrust | gpg_authentication "--import-ownertrust"
+
     # get the key from the key server
-    GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_AUTHENTICATION"
-    su --preserve-environment "$MONKEYSPHERE_USER" -c -- \
-	"gpg --keyserver $KEYSERVER --recv-key $keyID"
-    if [ "$?" != 0 ] ; then
-	failure "Could not retrieve key '$keyID'."
-    fi
+    gpg_authentication "--keyserver $KEYSERVER --recv-key $keyID"
 
-    # move the key from the authentication keyring to the host keyring
-    GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_AUTHENTICATION"
-    su --preserve-environment "$MONKEYSPHERE_USER" -c -- \
-	"gpg --export $keyID" | \
-	GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_HOST" gpg --import
+    # get the full fingerprint of a key ID
+    fingerprint=$(gpg_authentication "--list-key --with-colons --with-fingerprint $keyID" | \
+	grep '^fpr:' | grep "$keyID" | cut -d: -f10)
 
-    # get key fingerprint
-    GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_HOST"
-    fingerprint=$(get_key_fingerprint "$keyID")
+    if [ -z "$fingerprint" ] ; then
+	failure "Could not find key '$keyID'."
+    fi
 
     echo "key found:"
-    GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_HOST"
-    gpg --fingerprint "$fingerprint"
-
-    while [ -z "$trustLevel" ] ; do
-	cat <<EOF
-Please decide how far you trust this user to correctly verify other users' keys
-(by looking at passports, checking fingerprints from different sources, etc.)
-
-  1 = I don't know or won't say
-  2 = I do NOT trust
-  3 = I trust marginally
-  4 = I trust fully
-  5 = I trust ultimately
-
+    gpg_authentication "--fingerprint $fingerprint"
+
+    # export the key to the host keyring
+    gpg_authentication "--export $keyID" | gpg_host --import
+
+    # ltsign command
+    # NOTE: *all* user IDs will be ltsigned
+    ltsignCommand=$(cat <<EOF
+ltsign
+y
+2
+$DEPTH
+$DOMAIN
+y
+save
 EOF
-	read -p "Your decision? " trustLevel
-	if echo "$trustLevel" | grep -v "[1-5]" ; then
-	    echo "Unknown trust level '$trustLevel'."
-	    unset trustLevel
-	elif [ "$trustLevel" = 'q' ] ; then
-	    failure "Aborting."
-	fi
-    done
-
-    # attach a "non-exportable" signature to the key
-    # this is required for the key to have any validity at all
-    # the 'y's on stdin indicates "yes, i really want to sign"
-    GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_HOST"
-    echo -e 'y\ny' | \
-	gpg --quiet --lsign-key --command-fd 0 "$fingerprint"
-
-    # copy the host keyring into the authentication keyring
-    mv "$GNUPGHOME_AUTHENTICATION"/pubring.gpg{,.old}
-    cp "$GNUPGHOME_HOST"/pubring.gpg "$GNUPGHOME_AUTHENTICATION"/pubring.gpg
-    chown "$MONKEYSPHERE_USER" "$GNUPGHOME_AUTHENTICATION"/pubring.gpg
-    GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_AUTHENTICATION"
-    su --preserve-environment "$MONKEYSPHERE_USER" -c -- \
-	"gpg --import ${GNUPGHOME_AUTHENTICATION}/pubring.gpg.old"
-
-    # index trustLevel by one to difference between level in ui and level
-    # internally
-    trustLevel=$((trustLevel+1))
+)
 
-    # import new owner trust level for key
-    GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_AUTHENTICATION"
-    echo "${fingerprint}:${trustLevel}:" | \
-        su --preserve-environment "$MONKEYSPHERE_USER" -c -- \
-        "GNUPGHOME=$GNUPGHOME_AUTHENTICATION gpg --import-ownertrust"
+    # ltsign the key
+    echo "$ltsignCommand" | gpg_host --quiet --command-fd 0 --edit-key "$fingerprint"
 
-    if [ $? = 0 ] ; then
-	log "Owner trust updated."
-    else
-	failure "There was a problem changing owner trust."
-    fi
+    # update the trustdb for the authentication keyring
+    gpg_authentication "--check-trustdb"
 }
 
 ########################################################################
@@ -275,11 +365,8 @@ COMMAND="$1"
 [ "$COMMAND" ] || failure "Type '$PGRM help' for usage."
 shift
 
-# set ms home directory
-MS_HOME=${MS_HOME:-"$ETC"}
-
 # load configuration file
-MS_CONF=${MS_CONF:-"$MS_HOME"/monkeysphere-server.conf}
+MS_CONF=${MS_CONF:-"${ETC}/monkeysphere-server.conf"}
 [ -e "$MS_CONF" ] && . "$MS_CONF"
 
 # set empty config variable with defaults
@@ -295,6 +382,7 @@ GNUPGHOME_HOST=${GNUPGHOME_HOST:-"${VARLIB}/gnupg-host"}
 GNUPGHOME_AUTHENTICATION=${GNUPGHOME_AUTHENTICATION:-"${VARLIB}/gnupg-authentication"}
 
 # export variables
+export DATE
 export MODE
 export MONKEYSPHERE_USER
 export KEYSERVER
@@ -306,128 +394,18 @@ export GNUPGHOME
 
 case $COMMAND in
     'update-users'|'update-user'|'u')
-	if [ "$1" ] ; then
-	    # get users from command line
-	    unames="$@"
-	else
-	    # or just look at all users if none specified
-	    unames=$(getent passwd | cut -d: -f1)
-	fi
-
-	# set mode
-	MODE="authorized_keys"
-
-	# set gnupg home
-	GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_AUTHENTICATION"
-
-	# check to see if the gpg trust database has been initialized
-	if [ ! -s "${GNUPGHOME}/trustdb.gpg" ] ; then
-	    failure "GNUPG trust database uninitialized.  Please see MONKEYSPHERE-SERVER(8)."
-	fi
-
-        # make sure the authorized_keys directory exists
-	mkdir -p "${VARLIB}/authorized_keys"
-
-	# loop over users
-	for uname in $unames ; do
-	    # check all specified users exist
-	    if ! getent passwd "$uname" >/dev/null ; then
-		error "----- unknown user '$uname' -----"
-		continue
-	    fi
-
-	    # set authorized_user_ids and raw authorized_keys variables,
-	    # translating ssh-style path variables
-	    authorizedUserIDs=$(translate_ssh_variables "$uname" "$AUTHORIZED_USER_IDS")
-	    rawAuthorizedKeys=$(translate_ssh_variables "$uname" "$RAW_AUTHORIZED_KEYS")
-
-	    # if neither is found, skip user
-	    if [ ! -s "$authorizedUserIDs" ] ; then
-		if [ "$rawAuthorizedKeys" = '-' -o ! -s "$rawAuthorizedKeys" ] ; then
-		    continue
-		fi
-	    fi
-
-	    log "----- user: $uname -----"
-
-            # make temporary directory
-            TMPDIR=$(mktemp -d)
-
-	    # trap to delete temporary directory on exit
-	    trap "rm -rf $TMPDIR" EXIT
-
-            # create temporary authorized_user_ids file
-            TMP_AUTHORIZED_USER_IDS="${TMPDIR}/authorized_user_ids"
-            touch "$TMP_AUTHORIZED_USER_IDS"
-
-            # create temporary authorized_keys file
-            AUTHORIZED_KEYS="${TMPDIR}/authorized_keys"
-            touch "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS"
-
-            # set restrictive permissions on the temporary files
-	    # FIXME: is there a better way to do this?
-            chmod 0700 "$TMPDIR"
-            chmod 0600 "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS"
-            chmod 0600 "$TMP_AUTHORIZED_USER_IDS"
-            chown -R "$MONKEYSPHERE_USER" "$TMPDIR"
-
-	    # if the authorized_user_ids file exists...
-	    if [ -s "$authorizedUserIDs" ] ; then
-                # copy user authorized_user_ids file to temporary
-                # location
-		cat "$authorizedUserIDs" > "$TMP_AUTHORIZED_USER_IDS"
-
-		# export needed variables
-		export AUTHORIZED_KEYS
-		export TMP_AUTHORIZED_USER_IDS
-
-		# process authorized_user_ids file, as monkeysphere
-		# user
-		su --preserve-environment "$MONKEYSPHERE_USER" -c -- \
-		    ". ${SHARE}/common; process_authorized_user_ids $TMP_AUTHORIZED_USER_IDS"
-	    fi
-
-	    # add user-controlled authorized_keys file path if specified
-	    if [ "$rawAuthorizedKeys" != '-' -a -s "$rawAuthorizedKeys" ] ; then
-		log -n "adding raw authorized_keys file... "
-		cat "$rawAuthorizedKeys" >> "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS"
-		loge "done."
-	    fi
-
-	    # openssh appears to check the contents of the
-            # authorized_keys file as the user in question, so the
-            # file must be readable by that user at least.
-	    # FIXME: is there a better way to do this?
-	    chown root "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS"
-	    chgrp $(getent passwd "$uname" | cut -f4 -d:) "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS"
-	    chmod g+r "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS"
-
-	    # if the resulting authorized_keys file is not empty, move
-	    # it into place
-	    mv -f "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS" "${VARLIB}/authorized_keys/${uname}"
-
-	    log "authorized_keys file updated."
-	    
-	    # destroy temporary directory
-	    rm -rf "$TMPDIR"
-	done
+	update_users "$@"
 	;;
 
     'gen-key'|'g')
-	# set gnupg home
-	GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_HOST"
 	gen_key "$@"
 	;;
 
     'show-fingerprint'|'f')
-	# set gnupg home
-	GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_HOST"
-	fingerprint_server_key "$@"
+	fingerprint_server_key
 	;;
 
     'publish-key'|'p')
-	# set gnupg home
-	GNUPGHOME="$GNUPGHOME_HOST"
 	publish_server_key
 	;;