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  8.   <meta name="author" content="Jonas Smedegaard" />
    9. 

  9.   <meta name="date" content="Nitte, Mangalore, October 28th, 2011" />
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    16. 

  16. <div class="slide titlepage">
    17. 

  17.   <h1 class="title">Debian Pure Blends - hacking in your parents' house</h1>
    18. 

  18.   <p class="author">
    19. 

  19. Jonas Smedegaard
    20. 

  20.   </p>
    21. 

  21.   <p class="date">Nitte, Mangalore, October 28th, 2011</p>
    22. 

  22. </div>
    23. 

  23. <div class="slide">
    24. 

  24. <h1 id="overview">Overview</h1>
    25. 

  25. <ul>
    26. 

  26. <li>Me and Asia</li>
    27. 

  27. <li>Tricky terms</li>
    28. 

  28. <li>FLOSS Eco System</li>
    29. 

  29. <li>Debian - distro &amp; community</li>
    30. 

  30. <li>Customizing Debian</li>
    31. 

  31. </ul>
    32. 

  32. </div>
    33. 

  33. <div class="slide">
    34. 

  34. <h1 id="me-and-asia">Me and Asia</h1>
    35. 

  35. <div class="figure">
    36. 

  36. <img src="../map.png" alt="Asia trip" /><p class="caption">Asia trip</p>
    37. 

  37. </div>
    38. 

  38. </div>
    39. 

  39. <div class="slide">
    40. 

  40. <h1 id="tricky-terms">Tricky terms</h1>
    41. 

  41. <p>FLOSS: <strong>F</strong>ree/<strong>L</strong>ibre <strong>O</strong>pen <strong>S</strong>ource <strong>S</strong>oftware.</p>
    42. 

  42. <p>Hacking: Being creative with small pieces -- like playing with Lego.</p>
    43. 

  43. <p>Cracking: Breaking digital &quot;locks&quot;, typically to steal digital data.</p>
    44. 

  44. </div>
    45. 

  45. <div class="slide">
    46. 

  46. <h1 id="floss-eco-system">FLOSS Eco System</h1>
    47. 

  47. <div class="figure">
    48. 

  48. <img src="../developmentstream.png" alt="Software Code Stream" /><p class="caption">Software Code Stream</p>
    49. 

  49. </div>
    50. 

  50. </div>
    51. 

  51. <div class="slide">
    52. 

  52. <h1 id="debian---distro-community">Debian - distro &amp; community</h1>
    53. 

  53. <ul>
    54. 

  54. <li>Community</li>
    55. 

  55. <li>Distribution</li>
    56. 

  56. <li>Free!</li>
    57. 

  57. </ul>
    58. 

  58. </div>
    59. 

  59. <div class="slide">
    60. 

  60. <h1 id="debian---community">Debian - Community</h1>
    61. 

  61. <ul>
    62. 

  62. <li>~1000 &quot;Developers&quot;</li>
    63. 

  63. <li>~500 &quot;Maintainers&quot;</li>
    64. 

  64. <li>??? actual contributors...</li>
    65. 

  65. </ul>
    66. 

  66. </div>
    67. 

  67. <div class="slide">
    68. 

  68. <h1 id="debian---community-structure">Debian - Community structure</h1>
    69. 

  69. <ul>
    70. 

  70. <li>Democracy</li>
    71. 

  71. </ul>
    72. 

  72. </div>
    73. 

  73. <div class="slide">
    74. 

  74. <h1 id="debian---community-structure-1">Debian - Community structure</h1>
    75. 

  75. <ul>
    76. 

  76. <li><span style="text-decoration: line-through;">Democracy</span></li>
    77. 

  77. <li>We all obey Debian Free Software Guidelines</li>
    78. 

  78. <li>Almost no hierarchy: Each package maintainer responsible</li>
    79. 

  79. </ul>
    80. 

  80. </div>
    81. 

  81. <div class="slide">
    82. 

  82. <h1 id="debian---distribution">Debian - Distribution</h1>
    83. 

  83. <ul>
    84. 

  84. <li>Generic - choices are exposed to the user</li>
    85. 

  85. <li>Mother of other distros</li>
    86. 

  86. </ul>
    87. 

  87. </div>
    88. 

  88. <div class="slide">
    89. 

  89. <h1 id="debian-packages">Debian packages</h1>
    90. 

  90. <ul>
    91. 

  91. <li>They all obey Debian Policy</li>
    92. 

  92. <li>Mozilla Iceweasel (Firefox): ~3 packages (+ ~70 lang packages)</li>
    93. 

  93. <li>LibreOffice: ~30 packages (+ ~90 lang packages)</li>
    94. 

  94. <li>Debian: ~35.000 packages</li>
    95. 

  95. </ul>
    96. 

  96. </div>
    97. 

  97. <div class="slide">
    98. 

  98. <h1 id="debian-packaging---mentors-sponsoring">Debian packaging - Mentors + sponsoring</h1>
    99. 

  99. <ul>
    100. 

  100. <li>Peer review - many eyes see more bugs</li>
    101. 

  101. <li>Education - Debian quality standards</li>
    102. 

  102. <li>Ideals transfer - get help on packaging</li>
    103. 

  103. <li>Mailinglist: <script type="text/javascript">
    104. 

  104. <!--
    105. 

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    106. 

  106. document.write('<a h'+'ref'+'="ma'+'ilto'+':'+e+'">'+'mailto:debian-mentors@lists.debian.org'+'<\/'+'a'+'>');
    107. 

  107. // -->
    108. 

  108. </script><noscript>&#x6d;&#x61;&#x69;&#108;&#116;&#x6f;&#58;&#100;&#x65;&#98;&#x69;&#x61;&#110;&#x2d;&#x6d;&#x65;&#110;&#116;&#x6f;&#114;&#x73;&#64;&#108;&#x69;&#x73;&#116;&#x73;&#46;&#100;&#x65;&#98;&#x69;&#x61;&#110;&#46;&#x6f;&#114;&#x67;&#32;&#40;&#100;&#x65;&#98;&#x69;&#x61;&#110;&#x2d;&#x6d;&#x65;&#110;&#116;&#x6f;&#114;&#x73;&#32;&#x61;&#116;&#32;&#108;&#x69;&#x73;&#116;&#x73;&#32;&#100;&#x6f;&#116;&#32;&#100;&#x65;&#98;&#x69;&#x61;&#110;&#32;&#100;&#x6f;&#116;&#32;&#x6f;&#114;&#x67;&#x29;</noscript></li>
    109. 

  109. <li>IRC channel on OFTC.net: #debian-mentors</li>
    110. 

  110. <li>Website: <a href="http://mentors.debian.net/"><code class="url">http://mentors.debian.net/</code></a></li>
    111. 

  111. </ul>
    112. 

  112. </div>
    113. 

  113. <div class="slide">
    114. 

  114. <h1 id="debian-packaging---join-teams">Debian packaging - Join teams</h1>
    115. 

  115. <ul>
    116. 

  116. <li>Peer review - many eyes see more bugs</li>
    117. 

  117. <li>Education - Debian quality standards</li>
    118. 

  118. <li>Ideals transfer - get help on packaging</li>
    119. 

  119. <li>Wiki page: <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/Teams"><code class="url">http://wiki.debian.org/Teams</code></a></li>
    120. 

  120. </ul>
    121. 

  121. </div>
    122. 

  122. <div class="slide">
    123. 

  123. <h1 id="debian---derivatives">Debian - derivatives</h1>
    124. 

  124. <ul>
    125. 

  125. <li>Knoppix</li>
    126. 

  126. <li>Ubuntu</li>
    127. 

  127. <li>BOSS</li>
    128. 

  128. <li>SWECHA</li>
    129. 

  129. <li>...</li>
    130. 

  130. </ul>
    131. 

  131. </div>
    132. 

  132. <div class="slide">
    133. 

  133. <h1 id="debian-deriving">Debian deriving</h1>
    134. 

  134. <ul>
    135. 

  135. <li>Try use <strong>live-builder</strong>...</li>
    136. 

  136. </ul>
    137. 

  137. </div>
    138. 

  138. <div class="slide">
    139. 

  139. <h1 id="debian---blends">Debian - blends</h1>
    140. 

  140. <ul>
    141. 

  141. <li>Optimizing Debian itself for special purpose use</li>
    142. 

  142. </ul>
    143. 

  143. <p>or</p>
    144. 

  144. <ul>
    145. 

  145. <li>Merging back derived work into Debian</li>
    146. 

  146. </ul>
    147. 

  147. </div>
    148. 

  148. <div class="slide">
    149. 

  149. <h1 id="debian---existing-blends">Debian - existing blends</h1>
    150. 

  150. <ul>
    151. 

  151. <li>Debian Jr</li>
    152. 

  152. <li>Debian Med</li>
    153. 

  153. <li>Debian Edu</li>
    154. 

  154. <li>Debian Science</li>
    155. 

  155. <li>Debian EzGo</li>
    156. 

  156. <li>BrDesktop</li>
    157. 

  157. <li>Debian Accessibility</li>
    158. 

  158. <li>Debian Lex</li>
    159. 

  159. <li>DebiChem</li>
    160. 

  160. <li>Debian GIS</li>
    161. 

  161. <li>Debian Multimedia</li>
    162. 

  162. </ul>
    163. 

  163. </div>
    164. 

  164. <div class="slide">
    165. 

  165. <h1 id="debian---future-blends">Debian - future blends</h1>
    166. 

  166. <ul>
    167. 

  167. <li>FreedomBox</li>
    168. 

  168. <li>Debian LAN</li>
    169. 

  169. <li>BOSS?</li>
    170. 

  170. <li>SWECHA?</li>
    171. 

  171. <li>...?</li>
    172. 

  172. </ul>
    173. 

  173. </div>
    174. 

  174. <div class="slide">
    175. 

  175. <h1 id="debian-blending">Debian blending</h1>
    176. 

  176. <ul>
    177. 

  177. <li>Join existing teams</li>
    178. 

  178. <li>Convince Debian Developers to create new teams</li>
    179. 

  179. <li>Try use <strong>boxer</strong></li>
    180. 

  180. </ul>
    181. 

  181. </div>
    182. 

  182. <div class="slide">
    183. 

  183. <h1 id="debian-pure-blends---benefits">Debian Pure Blends - Benefits</h1>
    184. 

  184. <ul>
    185. 

  185. <li>backed by Debian - help, bug tracking, translations, etc.</li>
    186. 

  186. <li>teamwork - others might help you refine and maintain your setups</li>
    187. 

  187. <li>common structures - others might take over if you loose interest</li>
    188. 

  188. </ul>
    189. 

  189. </div>
    190. 

  190. <div class="slide">
    191. 

  191. <h1 id="debian-pure-blends---downsides">Debian Pure Blends - downsides</h1>
    192. 

  192. <ul>
    193. 

  193. <li><strong>annoying</strong> - Debian package maintainers may not like proposed changes</li>
    194. 

  194. <li><strong>slow</strong> - stable distribution is released infrequently</li>
    195. 

  195. <li><strong>rigid</strong> - all contributions must match Debian Free Software Guidelines</li>
    196. 

  196. <li><strong>complex</strong> - packages must obey Debian Policy</li>
    197. 

  197. </ul>
    198. 

  198. </div>
    199. 

  199. <div class="slide">
    200. 

  200. <h1 id="tech---debian-support-overloading-choices">Tech - Debian support overloading choices</h1>
    201. 

  201. <ul>
    202. 

  202. <li>Debian installer</li>
    203. 

  203. <li>tasksel</li>
    204. 

  204. <li>debconf</li>
    205. 

  205. <li>aptitude</li>
    206. 

  206. </ul>
    207. 

  207. </div>
    208. 

  208. <div class="slide">
    209. 

  209. <h1 id="tech---examples-of-non-pure-blending">Tech - examples of non-pure blending</h1>
    210. 

  210. <ul>
    211. 

  211. <li>include non-Debian packages or non-packaged stuff</li>
    212. 

  212. <li>include Debian packages from different Debian suite</li>
    213. 

  213. <li>configure system other than via Debian package installation</li>
    214. 

  214. <li>install using non-Debian media</li>
    215. 

  215. </ul>
    216. 

  216. <p>You don't own your system - you provide one for others to own.</p>
    217. 

  217. <p>So don't refine it like a (sloppy) user: Handle it like a Debian developer!</p>
    218. 

  218. </div>
    219. 

  219. <div class="slide">
    220. 

  220. <h1 id="tech---debian-generic-setup">Tech - Debian, generic setup</h1>
    221. 

  221. <ul>
    222. 

  222. <li>select package profile(s)</li>
    223. 

  223. <li>install</li>
    224. 

  224. </ul>
    225. 

  225. </div>
    226. 

  226. <div class="slide">
    227. 

  227. <h1 id="tech---debian-hand-tuned">Tech - Debian, hand-tuned</h1>
    228. 

  228. <ul>
    229. 

  229. <li>select package profile(s)</li>
    230. 

  230. <li>select additional packages</li>
    231. 

  231. <li>install</li>
    232. 

  232. <li>(re)configure packages</li>
    233. 

  233. </ul>
    234. 

  234. </div>
    235. 

  235. <div class="slide">
    236. 

  236. <h1 id="tech---debian-auto-tuned">Tech - Debian, auto-tuned</h1>
    237. 

  237. <ul>
    238. 

  238. <li>pre-seed package selection</li>
    239. 

  239. <li>pre-seed package configurations</li>
    240. 

  240. <li>install</li>
    241. 

  241. <li>(re)configure non-debconf packages</li>
    242. 

  242. </ul>
    243. 

  243. </div>
    244. 

  244. <div class="slide">
    245. 

  245. <h1 id="tech---debian-pure-blend-generic">Tech - Debian Pure Blend = generic</h1>
    246. 

  246. <ul>
    247. 

  247. <li>select blend profile</li>
    248. 

  248. <li>install</li>
    249. 

  249. </ul>
    250. 

  250. </div>
    251. 

  251. <div class="slide">
    252. 

  252. <h1 id="tech---tasks-involved">Tech - tasks involved</h1>
    253. 

  253. <ul>
    254. 

  254. <li>extra software → into Debian officially</li>
    255. 

  255. <li>manual configurations → preseeding</li>
    256. 

  256. <li>maybe create temporary dirty hacks</li>
    257. 

  257. <li>maybe use/create reusable tweaks</li>
    258. 

  258. <li>eliminate dirty hacks and tweaks</li>
    259. 

  259. <li>convince others in Debian to add as tasksel task</li>
    260. 

  260. </ul>
    261. 

  261. </div>
    262. 

  262. <div class="slide">
    263. 

  263. <h1 id="tech---blends-dev">Tech - blends-dev</h1>
    264. 

  264. <p>Tool to help maintain package lists and prospective packages.</p>
    265. 

  265. <p>Example: <a href="http://debian-med.alioth.debian.org/tasks/psychology"><code class="url">http://debian-med.alioth.debian.org/tasks/psychology</code></a></p>
    266. 

  266. </div>
    267. 

  267. <div class="slide">
    268. 

  268. <h1 id="tech---dirty-tricks">Tech - dirty tricks</h1>
    269. 

  269. <p>Avoid configuration files...</p>
    270. 

  270. <ul>
    271. 

  271. <li>config.d folders</li>
    272. 

  272. <li>databases</li>
    273. 

  273. <li>networked data</li>
    274. 

  274. </ul>
    275. 

  275. </div>
    276. 

  276. <div class="slide">
    277. 

  277. <h1 id="tech---tweaks">Tech - tweaks</h1>
    278. 

  278. <p>Reusable scripts compatible with one or more of...</p>
    279. 

  279. <ul>
    280. 

  280. <li>FAI</li>
    281. 

  281. <li>hands-off at http://hands.com/d-i/</li>
    282. 

  282. <li>CFengine</li>
    283. 

  283. <li>Puppet</li>
    284. 

  284. </ul>
    285. 

  285. </div>
    286. 

  286. <div class="slide">
    287. 

  287. <h1 id="tech---good-style">Tech - good style</h1>
    288. 

  288. <ul>
    289. 

  289. <li>Aptitude</li>
    290. 

  290. <li>debconf</li>
    291. 

  291. <li>Config::Model</li>
    292. 

  292. </ul>
    293. 

  293. </div>
    294. 

  294. <div class="slide">
    295. 

  295. <h1 id="tech---when-is-it-pure">Tech - When is it &quot;Pure&quot;?</h1>
    296. 

  296. <p>When all is in Debian, with no dirty tricks:</p>
    297. 

  297. <ul>
    298. 

  298. <li>package selection(s)</li>
    299. 

  299. <li>customizations</li>
    300. 

  300. <li>installation</li>
    301. 

  301. </ul>
    302. 

  302. </div>
    303. 

  303. <div class="slide">
    304. 

  304. <h1 id="team---getting-involved">Team - getting involved</h1>
    305. 

  305. <ul>
    306. 

  306. <li>identify and isolate tweaks at your own system</li>
    307. 

  307. <li>register missing software - on wiki page or (better!) in Debian BTS</li>
    308. 

  308. <li>write documentation</li>
    309. 

  309. <li>write the dream of how things ought to work</li>
    310. 

  310. <li>wite how details work now</li>
    311. 

  311. <li>discuss downstream (i.e. with users and subdistros) how things work / should work</li>
    312. 

  312. <li>discuss upstream (i.e. with authors) what is possible now / soon</li>
    313. 

  313. </ul>
    314. 

  314. </div>
    315. 

  315. <div class="slide">
    316. 

  316. <h1 id="team---getting-involved-ii">Team - getting involved II</h1>
    317. 

  317. <ul>
    318. 

  318. <li>write intro for peer enthusiasts</li>
    319. 

  319. <li>decide and document ideal formats - translations, graphics etc.</li>
    320. 

  320. <li>prioritize pending tasks - of various kinds to encourage many different contributions</li>
    321. 

  321. <li>document where it is ok to ask beginners' questions</li>
    322. 

  322. <li>document if beginners can ask for a mentor</li>
    323. 

  323. </ul>
    324. 

  324. </div>
    325. 

  325. <div class="slide">
    326. 

  326. <h1 id="team---getting-involved-iii">Team - getting involved III</h1>
    327. 

  327. <ul>
    328. 

  328. <li>make illustration</li>
    329. 

  329. <li>make screendumps</li>
    330. 

  330. <li>make fan graphics</li>
    331. 

  331. <li>make desktop backgrounds, CD covers, stickers, etc.</li>
    332. 

  332. <li>Register the project as a DOAP file, and maybe at Ohloh and Freshmeat etc.</li>
    333. 

  333. <li>Register and maintain relevant Debtags</li>
    334. 

  334. </ul>
    335. 

  335. </div>
    336. 

  336. <div class="slide">
    337. 

  337. <h1 id="team---getting-involved-iv">Team - getting involved IV</h1>
    338. 

  338. <ul>
    339. 

  339. <li>Translate package descriptions</li>
    340. 

  340. <li>Translate debconf dialogs</li>
    341. 

  341. <li>Translate upstream code</li>
    342. 

  342. </ul>
    343. 

  343. </div>
    344. 

  344. <div class="slide">
    345. 

  345. <h1 id="team---getting-involved-v">Team - getting involved V</h1>
    346. 

  346. <ul>
    347. 

  347. <li>Help integrate contributions from graphics artists, translators and others</li>
    348. 

  348. <li>document decision processes of the team (and Debian and upstreams?)</li>
    349. 

  349. <li>document workflows in teams</li>
    350. 

  350. <li>insist on transparency - not only for code!</li>
    351. 

  351. </ul>
    352. 

  352. </div>
    353. 

  353. <div class="slide">
    354. 

  354. <h1 id="team---continuous-status-checks">Team - Continuous status checks</h1>
    355. 

  355. <ul>
    356. 

  356. <li>Ask users about their needs - you will forget over time!</li>
    357. 

  357. <li>Ask teams about their tasks - each participant has slightly different perception of the common vision and status</li>
    358. 

  358. <li>Ask upstreams about use: perhaps potentials are missed, or code or persons feel as being abused</li>
    359. 

  359. </ul>
    360. 

  360. </div>
    361. 

  361. <div class="slide">
    362. 

  362. <h1 id="debian-pure-blends---future">Debian Pure Blends - Future</h1>
    363. 

  363. <ul>
    364. 

  364. <li>debconf dontcare vs. explicit choice of default option</li>
    365. 

  365. <li>debconf query mechanism (and fill buffer from live system)</li>
    366. 

  366. <li>APT explicit choice of alternate dependency/recommendation</li>
    367. 

  367. <li>APT dontcare vs. explicit choice of default dependency/recommendation</li>
    368. 

  368. <li>Config::Model - semantic configfile handling</li>
    369. 

  369. </ul>
    370. 

  370. </div>
    371. 

  371. <div class="slide">
    372. 

  372. <h1 id="the-end">The End</h1>
    373. 

  373. <ul>
    374. 

  374. <li>Me: <script type="text/javascript">
    375. 

  375. <!--
    376. 

  376. h='&#106;&#x6f;&#110;&#x65;&#x73;&#46;&#100;&#x6b;';a='&#64;';n='&#100;&#114;';e=n+a+h;
    377. 

  377. document.write('<a h'+'ref'+'="ma'+'ilto'+':'+e+'">'+'<code>'+e+'</code>'+'<\/'+'a'+'>');
    378. 

  378. // -->
    379. 

  379. </script><noscript>&#100;&#114;&#32;&#x61;&#116;&#32;&#106;&#x6f;&#110;&#x65;&#x73;&#32;&#100;&#x6f;&#116;&#32;&#100;&#x6b;</noscript></li>
    380. 

  380. <li>Debian: <a href="http://www.debian.org"><code class="url">http://www.debian.org</code></a></li>
    381. 

  381. <li>Debian Derivatives Census: <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/Derivatives/Census"><code class="url">http://wiki.debian.org/Derivatives/Census</code></a></li>
    382. 

  382. <li>This talk: <a href="http://dr.jones.dk/blends/talk/nitte"><code class="url">http://dr.jones.dk/blends/talk/nitte</code></a></li>
    383. 

  383. <li>Illustrations: <a href="http://sirireiter.dk/blog/entry/110310/"><code class="url">http://sirireiter.dk/blog/entry/110310/</code></a></li>
    384. 

  384. <li>Asia trip: <a href="http://wiki.jones.dk/DebianAsia2011"><code class="url">http://wiki.jones.dk/DebianAsia2011</code></a></li>
    385. 

  385. </ul>
    386. 

  386. </div>
    387. 

  387. </body>
    388. 

  388. </html>
    389.
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