summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/doc/plugins/write.mdwn
blob: 18aa34dca7b304f9028c6d3b5a98583aa91e75a1 (plain)

ikiwiki [[plugins]] are written in perl. Each plugin is a perl module, in the IkiWiki::Plugin namespace. The name of the plugin is typically in lowercase, such as IkiWiki::Plugin::inline. Ikiwiki includes a IkiWiki::Plugin::skeleton that can be fleshed out to make a useful plugin. IkiWiki::Plugin::pagecount is another simple example.

[[toc levels=2]]

Considerations

One thing to keep in mind when writing a plugin is that ikiwiki is a wiki compiler. So plugins influence pages when they are built, not when they are loaded. A plugin that inserts the current time into a page, for example, will insert the build time. Also, as a compiler, ikiwiki avoids rebuilding pages unless they have changed, so a plugin that prints some random or changing thing on a page will generate a static page that won't change until ikiwiki rebuilds the page for some other reason, like the page being edited.

Registering plugins

All plugins should use IkiWiki to import the ikiwiki plugin interface.

Plugins should, when imported, call hook() to hook into ikiwiki's processing. The function uses named parameters, and use varies depending on the type of hook being registered -- see below. Note that a plugin can call the function more than once to register multiple hooks. All calls to hook() should be passed a "type" parameter, which gives the type of hook, a "id" paramter, which should be a unique string for this plugin, and a "call" parameter, which is a reference to a function to call for the hook.

Types of hooks

In roughly the order they are called.

getopt

hook(type => "getopt", id => "foo", call => \&getopt);

This allows for plugins to perform their own processing of command-line options and so add options to the ikiwiki command line. It's called during command line processing, with @ARGV full of any options that ikiwiki was not able to process on its own. The function should process any options it can, removing them from @ARGV, and probably recording the configuration settings in %config. It should take care not to abort if it sees an option it cannot process, and should just skip over those options and leave them in @ARGV.

checkconfig

hook(type => "checkconfig", id => "foo", call => \&checkconfig);

This is useful if the plugin needs to check for or modify ikiwiki's configuration. It's called early in the startup process. The function is passed no values. It's ok for the function to call error() if something isn't configured right.

filter

hook(type => "filter", id => "foo", call => \&filter);

Runs on the raw source of a page, before anything else touches it, and can make arbitrary changes. The function is passed named parameters page and content and should return the filtered content.

preprocess

Adding a [[PreProcessorDirective]] is probably the most common use of a plugin.

    hook(type => "preprocess", id => "foo", call => \&preprocess);

Replace "foo" with the command name that will be used inside brackets for the preprocessor directive.

Each time the directive is processed, the referenced function (preprocess in the example above) is called, and is passed named parameters. A "page" parameter gives the name of the page that embedded the preprocessor directive, while a "destpage" parameter gices the name of the page the content is going to (different for inlined pages). All parameters included in the directive are included as named parameters as well. Whatever the function returns goes onto the page in place of the directive.

Note that if the [[htmlscrubber]] is enabled, html in [[PreProcessorDirective]] output is sanitised, which may limit what your plugin can do. Also, the rest of the page content is not in html format at preprocessor time. Text output by a preprocessor directive will be linkified and passed through markdown (or whatever engine is used to htmlize the page) along with the rest of the page.

htmlize

hook(type => "htmlize", id => "ext", call => \&htmlize);

Runs on the raw source of a page and turns it into html. The id parameter specifies the filename extension that a file must have to be htmlized using this plugin. This is how you can add support for new and exciting markup languages to ikiwiki.

The function is passed named parameters: "page" and "content" and should return the htmlized content.

pagetemplate

hook(type => "pagetemplate", id => "foo", call => \&pagetemplate);

[[Templates]] are filled out for many different things in ikiwiki, like generating a page, or part of a blog page, or an rss feed, or a cgi. This hook allows modifying those templates. The function is passed named parameters. The "page" and "destpage" parameters are the same as for a preprocess hook. The "template" parameter is a HTML::Template object that is the template that will be used to generate the page. The function can manipulate that template object.

The most common thing to do is probably to call $template->param() to add a new custom parameter to the template.

sanitize

hook(type => "sanitize", id => "foo", call => \&sanitize);

Use this to implement html sanitization or anything else that needs to modify the body of a page after it has been fully converted to html.

The function is passed named parameters: "page" and "content", and should return the sanitized content.

format

hook(type => "format", id => "foo", call => \&format);

The difference between format and sanitize is that sanitize only acts on the page body, while format can modify the entire html page including the header and footer inserted by ikiwiki, the html document type, etc.

The function is passed named parameters: "page" and "content", and should return the formatted content.

delete

hook(type => "delete", id => "foo", call => \&delete);

Each time a page or pages is removed from the wiki, the referenced function is called, and passed the names of the source files that were removed.

change

hook(type => "change", id => "foo", call => \&render);

Each time ikiwiki renders a change or addition (but not deletion) to the wiki, the referenced function is called, and passed the names of the source files that were rendered.

cgi

hook(type => "cgi", id => "foo", call => \&cgi);

Use this to hook into ikiwiki's cgi script. Each registered cgi hook is called in turn, and passed a CGI object. The hook should examine the parameters, and if it will handle this CGI request, output a page and terminate the program.

savestate

hook(type => "savestate", id => "foo", call => \&savestate);

This hook is called wheneven ikiwiki normally saves its state, just before the state is saved. The function can save other state, modify values before they're saved, etc.

Plugin interface

To import the ikiwiki plugin interface:

use IkiWiki '1.00';

This will import several variables and functions into your plugin's namespace. These variables and functions are the ones most plugins need, and a special effort will be made to avoid changing them in incompatible ways, and to document any changes that have to be made in the future.

Note that IkiWiki also provides other variables functions that are not exported by default. No guarantee is made about these in the future, so if it's not exported, the wise choice is to not use it.

%config

A plugin can access the wiki's configuration via the %config hash. The best way to understand the contents of the hash is to look at [[ikiwiki.setup]], which sets the hash content to configure the wiki.

Other variables

If your plugin needs to access data about other pages in the wiki. It can use the following hashes, using a page name as the key:

  • %links lists the names of each page that a page links to, in an array reference.
  • %renderedfiles lists names of the files rendered by a page, in an array reference.
  • %pagesources contains the name of the source file for a page.

Also, the %IkiWiki::version variable contains the version number for the ikiwiki program.

Library functions

hook(@)

Hook into ikiwiki's processing. See the discussion of hooks above.

debug($)

Logs a debugging message. These are supressed unless verbose mode is turned on.

error($)

Aborts with an error message.

Note that while any plugin can use this for a fatal error, plugins should try to avoid dying on bad input, as that will halt the entire wiki build and make the wiki unusable. So for example, if a [[PreProcessorDirective]] is passed bad parameters, it's better to return an error message, which can appear on the wiki page, rather than calling error().

template($;@)

Creates and returns a HTML::Template object. The first parameter is the name of the file in the template directory. The optional remaining parameters are passed to HTML::Template->new.

htmlpage($)

Passed a page name, returns the base name that will be used for a the html page created from it. (Ie, it appends ".html".)

add_depends($$)

Makes the specified page depend on the specified [[PageSpec]].

pagespec_match($$)

Passed a page name, and a [[PageSpec]], returns true if the [[PageSpec]] matches the page.

bestlink($$)

Given a page and the text of a link on the page, determine which existing page that link best points to. Prefers pages under a subdirectory with the same name as the source page, failing that goes down the directory tree to the base looking for matching pages, as described in [[SubPage/LinkingRules]].

htmllink($$$;$$$)

Many plugins need to generate html links and add them to a page. This is done by using the htmllink function. The usual way to call htmlllink is:

htmllink($page, $page, $link)

Why is $page repeated? Because if a page is inlined inside another, and a link is placed on it, the right way to make that link is actually:

htmllink($page, $destpage, $link)

Here $destpage is the inlining page. A destpage parameter is passed to some of the hook functions above; the ones that are not passed it are not used during inlining and don't need to worry about this issue.

The remaining three optional parameters to htmllink are:

  1. noimageinline - set to true to avoid turning links into inline html images
  2. forcesubpage - set to force a link to a subpage
  3. linktext - set to force the link text to something

readfile($;$)

Given a filename, reads and returns the entire file.

The optional second parameter, if set to a true value, makes the file be read in binary mode.

A failure to read the file will result in it dying with an error.

writefile($$$;$)

Given a filename, a directory to put it in, and the file's content, writes a file.

The optional second parameter, if set to a true value, makes the file be written in binary mode.

A failure to write the file will result in it dying with an error.

If the destination directory doesn't exist, it will first be created.

will_render($$)

Given a page name and a destination file name (not including the base destination directory), register that the page will result in that file being rendered. It's important to call this before writing to any file in the destination directory.

pagetype($)

Given the name of a source file, returns the type of page it is, if it's a type that ikiwiki knowns how to htmlize. Otherwise, returns undef.

pagename($)

Given the name of a source file, returns the name of the wiki page that corresponds to that file.

srcfile($)

Given the name of a source file in the wiki, searches for the file in the source directory and the underlay directory, and returns the full path to the first file found.

displaytime($)

Given a time, formats it for display.

RCS plugins

ikiwiki's support for revision control systems also uses pluggable perl modules. These are in the IkiWiki::RCS namespace, for example IkiWiki::RCS::svn.

Each RCS plugin must support all the IkiWiki::rcs_* functions. See IkiWiki::RCS::Stub for the full list of functions. It's ok if rcs_getctime does nothing except for throwing an error.

See [[about_RCS_backends]] for some more info.